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''Cittarium pica'', common name the West Indian top shell or magpie shell, is a species of large edible sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Tegulidae. This species has a large black and white shell. This snail is known as "wilk" or "wilks" (or sometimes as "whelks") in the English-speaking Caribbean islands of the West Indies, where this is a popular food item. The word "will" or "wilks" can used both as a singular form and a plural. This species is however not at all closely related to the species that are known as whelks in the U.S. and in Europe. In some Spanish-speaking parts of the Caribbean, when used as a food source ''Cittarium pica'' is known as ''bulgao'', or simply as ''caracoles'' (snails, in Spanish). In Venezuela it is called ''quigua''; in Cuba it is called ''cigua''. ''Cittarium pica'' is considered the third most economically important invertebrate species in the Caribbean, after the spiny lobster (''Panulirus argus'') and the queen conch (''Eustrombus gigas''). It has gone locally extinct in some habitats due to overfishing and overexploitation.〔Leal, J.H. (2002). Gastropods. p. 99-147. In: Carpenter, K.E. (ed.).(The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Volume 1: Introduction, molluscs, crustaceans, hagfishes, sharks, batoid fishes, and chimaeras. ) FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes and American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 5. 1600p.〕 ==Taxonomy== ''Cittarium pica'' is within the clade Vetigastropoda. The vetigastropods are considered to be among the most primitive living gastropods,〔 and are widely distributed in all oceans of the world. It is also part of the superfamily Trochoidea, presenting nacre as the inner shell layer, and its subordinated family Tegulidae. Woodring ''et al''. (1924) recombined this species as ''Cittarium picum''. Weisbord (1962) recombined it as ''Livona pica'', and it was finally recombined as ''Cittarium pica'' by Philippi (1847), Rosenberg (2005) and Hendy et al. (2008).〔 This is the only living species in the genus ''Cittarium''. For a long time, only one species in the genus ''Cittarium'' was known, however in 2002 a fossil species ''Cittarium maestratii'' Lozouet, 2002 was discovered in the Oligocene deposits of southwestern France and named.〔 , (JSTOR ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cittarium pica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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